Method and apparatus for generating motive power.



, 0. P. OSTERGREN. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING MOTIVE POWER.APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, 1907. 986,308, Patented Mar. 7, 1911. 10SHBETB-SHEET 1.

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. 0. P. OSTERGREN. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING MOTIVE POWER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, 1907. 986,308. Patented M2127, 1911.

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0. P. OSTERGREN. METHOD AND APBABATUS FOR GENERATING MOTIVEI POWER.

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Httomegs glynesses 0. P. O STEBGREN. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATINGMOTIVE POWER.

APPLIOATION PILED JUNE 15,1907.

Patented Mar.'?, 1911.

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Zittcmngs O. P. OSTERGREN. ME' I'HOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING MOTIVEPOWER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15,1907.

986,308, Patented Mar. 7,1911.

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P fi witncsscs inventor u y fitternn s 0. P. OSTERGREN. METHOD ANDAPPARATUS FORGENERATING MOTIVE POWER.

APPLIUATION FILED JUNE 15 1907.

Patented Mar. 7, 1911.

10 SHEETS-SHEET 10.

2 v flnventor mtomega UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OSCAR P. OSTERGREN, 013 DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR 0F SIX-TENTHS TORUSSELL A. ALGER AND FREDERICK M. ALGER, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING MOTIVE POWER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. '7, 1911.

Application filed June 15, 1907. Serial No. 379,237.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Oscar: P. Os'rnReREN, a subject of the King ofSweden, and resident of Detroit, Wayne county, State of Michigan, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods and Appa ratusfor Generating Motive Power, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The object of the present invention is to generate motive power fromliquid or gaseous fluid by means of a rotary motorand with the greatestpossible economy of fuel.

The invention includes a novel method of generating motive power andnovel apparatus for carrying the method into operation. This apparatusembodies a closed combustion chamber into which superheated steam, air,and hydrocarbon are injected, the mixture so injected being continuouslyignited whereby a large amount of gas is produced and a. correspondingamount of heat generated. Into this combustion chamber water inregulated quantity is injected, which water is immediately transformedinto steam at ahigh pressure. The mixed steam and gas thus produced inthe combustion chamber is used to operate a turbine engine, the rotarymember of which is driven at a high rate of speed. The exhaust from theturbine, which is very hot, is utilized to generate steam for theinjectors which deliver the hydrocarbon fluid or gas into the combustionchamber, and also to heat the waterwhich is injected into the combustionchamber to form steam. tary pump on the shaft of the engine supplieswater to the heaters and the pressure in the water pipe leading from thepump, which varies according to the speed of the engine, is used togovern the speed, in the manner hereinafter described. A fan or blowerconnected with the engine shaft is arranged to furnish air to thecombustion chamber. The air thus furnished is highly heated in thecasing surrounding the combustion chamber. The apparatus is extremelyeconomical in that a large proportion of heat which is usually wasted inoperating hydrocarbon engines is, in the present case, returned to thecombustion chamber and utilized in generating steam.

Figure 1 is a general view of the apparatus, in elevation, parts beingbroken away;

a the stationary A ro-' Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2-2 ofFig. 1; Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are enlargements of portions of Fig. 2,additional parts being shown 1n section; Fig. 6 is a sect-ion on the lne 6 of Fig. 2; Fig.- 7 is a section on the line 7 of Fig. 3; Fig. 8 isa plan view artly in section on the line 88 of Fig. 7; Fig. 9 1s asection on'theline 99 of Fig. 3;Fig. 10 1s a plan View of the rotarypump; Fig. 11 is a section on the line 1111 of Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is aside view, partly in section, of the turbine; Fig. 13 is a sectionalview of portion of the turbine; Fig. 14 is a similar view of the rotoror rotating portion of the turbine; Fig. 15 isa diagram of the apparatusfor circulating cooling and lubricating fluid for the bearings of theturbine shaft; Fig. 16 is a sectional view simi-. lar to Fig. 2illustrating a modified form of the apparatus; Fig. 17 is a section onthe line 1717 of Fig. 16; Fig. 18 is an enlargement of a portion of Fig.16.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawing, a indicates a combustionchamber, 1) a turbine engine, 0 an air pump or blower, d a water pump, 6preheating coils, f steam generating coils, g a condenser into which theexhaust gases and vapors from the engine pass, and'h a suitablev pumpfor exhausting the noncondensable gases from the condenser.

When the apparatus is in operation liquid or gaseous fuel, air and steamare continu- .ously injected into the combustion chamber a andcontinuously delivered from said chamber to the turbine engine.

Referring to Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 9, hydrocarbon -fluid is deliveredthrough a pipe 25 to nozzles 26, the supply being regulated by valves27, and steam or air is delivered to the said nozzles through pipes 28,the sup ply being regulated by valves 29. The apparatus hereinafterdescribed is adapted to deliver steam through the pipes 28 but in someinstances air may be utilized, especially for starting.

The combustion chamber has an outer casing 30 and an inner casing 31separatedby an air space 32. l/Vithin the lnner casing is afire-resisting lining 33. Air is supplied the blower passes into atubular chamber 34 in which it is mixed with highly heated steamentering through pipe 35 and injector nozzle 36. The nozzle 36 hasincli1iedopenings 37 and it discharges into the smaller end of anexpanding tube 38 provided with inclined openings 39 into which afurther may also enter at the openings for the water.

inlet and the igniter hereinafter described. A supply of hot water isalsoinjected into the combustion chamber, the supply being limited tothe amount which the heat generated by the hydrocarbon is adapted totransform into steam at a high temperature. Thus water from a source tobe hereinafter referred to enters through pipe 41 (Figs. 2 and 3) andnozzle 42. The supply of water may be controlled by a hand valve 43which valve however is preferably provided with a small opening orchannel 44 through which a small supply of water may enter when thevalve is closed. The nozzle 42 is of the expanding type similar to thenozzle 36 and is provided with a series of inclined openings 45 intowhich the heated gases from the combustion chamber are drawn to convertthe water into steam. The nozzle 42 discharges into an expanding tube 46having a series of inclined openings 47 into which a further supply ofheated gas and steam passes. The tube 46 leads from the combustionchamber to the turbine 1), discharging against a cone 48 at the centerof the turbine which cone directs the gases radially outward.

Referring to Figs. 4, 12, 13 and 14, 49 and 50 indicate the stationaryvanes of the turbine, which vanes are connected to the cone 48 and tothe rings 51 and 52. Between the vanes 49 and 50 are a series of movablevanes 53 and surrounding the vanes 50 are a second series of movablevanes 54. The movable vanes 03 and 54 are connected to rotating rings55, 56, and to a disk or spider 57. The turbine described operates inthe usual manner, it being understood that there are suflicientclearances between the rotating j,

and stationary parts to permit of the rotating member or rotor turningfreely. The present invention is not limited to any particular form ofturbine and any suitable engine of this kind may be substituted.

The disk 57 of the rotary member of the turbine is connected to the head58 of the engine shaft 59 (Figs. 3 and 4). It is desirable to permit ofa slight degree of flexibility in the engine shaft in order that thecenter of gravity of the rotor may adjust itself to the center ofrotation so that the rotor may be perfectly balanced; To permit of thisflexibility a sleeve 60 is mounted in bearings are within a closedcasing 63 (Figs.

2, 4 and 15) through which water or other cooling fluid is circulated.This circulating system may consist, as shown in Fig. 15,

of a tank or radiator 64, a pump 65 and suitable piping 66. Water entersthe upper side of the casing and works outwardly between the sleeve andits bearings through spiral grooves 67 (Figs. 2 and 4) to the ends ofthe sleeve and thence through a channel 68 and pipe 66 to the reservoir.The fluid thus circulated serves a double purpose of lubricating thebearings of the shaft and keeping the shaft and its casing cool. As isusual, the shaft is driven at a high rate of speed and the speed may bereduced as desired by suitable gearing 69.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 6, 70 indicates the casing in which themotor runs and into which it exhausts. The exhaustfrom the motor passesupward through a chamber 71 in which are the two coils e, f, and avessel or boiler 74 arranged within the coils. After passing the coilsand the boiler the exhaust gases pass through flue 75 to the condenser gin which the steam is condensed. The non-condensable gases and the waterof condensation are pumped off through pipe 76 by the pump 72,. Thecondenser is of ordinary construction and is supplied with cold waterthrough pipe 77, which water discharges through pipe 78.

Referring to Figs. 2 to 5 inclusive and Figs. 10 and 11, water entersthe pump (l through pipe 79 and is discharged through pipe 80 underconsiderable pressure due to the high velocity of the rotary member ofthe pump, which member is carried by the motor shaft 59. The pipe 80contains a check valve 81 which holds the water in the pipe when themotor is stopped. The pipe 80 discharges directly into the boiler orheating vessel 74- and the water, when sufticiently heated, dischargesfrom the boiler through a vertical pipe 82 which is closely fitted inthe top of the boiler and extends nearly to the bottom thereof. Pipe 82discharges into a transverse. tube 83 which opens into a pipe 84. theopening being normally closed by'a valve 85. (Fig. 5.) Valve 85 isconnected by a rod or stem to a pisston 86, operating in a cylinder 87.A spring 88 tends to close the valve 85 while the pressure generated inthe boiler 74, hearing on the piston, tends to open said valve. As steamis generated in the boiler 74 the pressure opens the valve 85 and wateris dis charged through the pipe 84 until the steam pressure becomessufiiciently reduced in the boiler ,and when the engine is runningsteadily the" discharge will be more or less uniform due to the constantheat to which the boiler is subjected. Connected with the tube 83 is afilling tube 89 which is normally closed by a valve 90. Connected withthe filling tube is a. funnel 91 and a pressure indicator 92, adapted toindicate the pressure in the boiler 74. The hot .water thus dischargedfrom the boiler 74 passes through the coil e, (Figs. 5 and 6) and aport-ion of it thence through the pipe 41 to the nozzle 42 (Fig. 3)hereinbefore described.

Referring to Figs. 2, 5 and 6, 93 indicates a' valve controlling theinlet to the coil f. This valve is connected by a lever 94 with a rod 95connected to the piston 86. The connection between lever 94 and rod 95may be adjusted by suitable thumb nuts 96. Communicating with the valve93 is an. inlet pipe 97, admitting hot water from the coil 0. When thevalve 85 is opened the valve 93 is more or less closed and when thevalve 85 closes the valve 93 is opened to the extent permitted by theconnection between the lever 94 and the rod 95. ,IVhen the apparatusisin operation, the coil f is very hot and is practically what is termed aflash boiler. That is, the water entering it is immediately turned intosteam and superheated. The superheated steam 'is discharged from thecoil f into the pipe 35, previously referred to, and into a pipe 98which communicates through a three-way cock 99 with the pipe 28 leadingto the nozzles 26. In the pipe 98 is asuitable check valve 100. An airtank 101 (Fig. 2) is connected bya pipe 102 with the three-way cock 99,the pipe 102 being provided with a check valve 103. A branch pipe 117extends from the pipe 102 to the fuel tank (not shown) from which thesupply of liquid fuel is derived through pipe 25. In the fuel supplypipe 25 is a valve 104 which is automatically controlled by athermostat. As shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 6, the thermostat consists of ametal rod 105 extending across the exhaust chamber 70, one end of therod being fixed to the wall of the chamber and the other end a bearingupon an arm 106 of a rock shaft 107.

011 starting the apparatus the gases from the combustion chamber arepermitted to pass around the motor through a passage 114 which extendsfrom the combustion chamber a to the exhaust chamber 70. This passage orby-pass 114 is controlled by a valve 115. The combustion chamber isprovided with suitable ignition devices. A continuous jump spark igniter116 (Fig. 2) may be used, the same being provided with the usual batteryand coil.

The mode of starting the apparatus and the operation thereof is asfollows: In starting, the by-pass 114 from the combustion chamber to theexhaust chamber, is left open until a sufficient supply of steam and gasfor operating the motor isgenerated.-

The boiler 74 is filled with water through the funnel 91. and valve 90and the valve is then closed. The three-way cock 99 is then turned toadmit air under pressure from the tank 101 to the nozzles 26 and thevalve in pipe 117 is opened to permit air pressure to act upon the fuel.in the tank (not shown) to force the same upward through the pipe 25 tothe nozzles 20. The igniter being started gas will be generated in thecombustion chamber which will travel through the by-pass 114, theexhaust passage and throughthe coils f and e and around the boiler 74,pass ing eventually to the condenser. As soon as the boiler 74 issufliciently heated hot water will automatically be delivered to thenozzle 42 following which steam will be generated in the combustionchamber. IVhen suflicient flow of gas and steam is being produced theby-pass is closed and the steam and gases are directed through themotor. After starting the motor the pump I. will deliver air through thepipe 40 to the space 32 surrounding the combustion chamber and thence tothe combustion chamber. The threc-way-cock may then be turned to cut offthe air from the tank 101 and establish connection between the coil fand the nozzles 26. thus admitting superheated steam to the nozzles inlieu of air. The pump (I will deliver watcr continuously through thepipe 80 to the boiler 74, and thereafter the operation of the apparatuswill be automatic. The pump will in a measure serve as a governor as thepressure from the pump is transmitted to the boiler 74 and thence to thepiston 80 and valve 93, cutting off the supply of water to the lowercoil f when the speed of the engine becomes excessive. and thus cuttingoff the steam to the ejector nozzles 20. which has the effect ofreducing the flow of liquid fuel through said nozzles, the liquid fuelbeing drawn into the nozzles in proportion to the pressure of steam orair in the pipe 28. The apparatus is further governed by the thermostat105' which reduces the flow of liquid fuel through the pipe 25 when thetemperature of the exhaust gases becomes excessive. The hydrocarbon andsteam are introduced into and mixed in the nozzle 26 and discharged intothe combustion chamber a. The use ofsteam especially when superheated asin this case is very beneficial for obtaining a smokeless and perfectcombustion, as it will disintegrate into oxygen and hydrogen in thefirst stage of high temperature whereupon the free oxygen will later oneasily unite with any free carbon present. The free hydrogen will.alsounite with any surplus oxygen at a somewhat lower temperature. Hot airis drawn in, as shown in Fig. 9, from the hot jacketed space 32 andunites with the steam and hydrogen to obtain good combustion. Hot wateris introduced through the valve 44 into the combined vaporizing andexpansion nozzle 42, 46. The Water enters through the valve 43 with highvelocity due to the high pressure and the issuing jet of water willimmediately be turned into a ct of steam which will during its passagethrough the nozzle absorb the hot gases surrounding the same andentering through the apertures 45, 47. The mixture will during its rushtoward the turbine wheel cont-inually increase in speed as the velocityof the steam increases due to the added heat and expansion of thenozzle, or in other words, the heat energy is gradually turned intokinetic energy. The function of the steam admitted through the pipe 40into the offset portion of the combustion chamber performs in part thefunction of a cooling medium to reduce the temperature of the steam andhot vapors which strike the turbine vanes to a working temperature. Thissteam and hot air as well as the hot gases in the combustion chamberenter the expansion nozzle 42, 46 through the apertures 45 and 47 andalso through the annular space between the sections 42 and 46.

The economy of the apparatus is enhanced by the return of a largeproportion of the heat which is imparted to the water in the coils andthe boiler 74. Further economy is effected by means of the condenser gwhich tends to create a vacuum on the exhaust side of the apparatus.

Fig. 16 represents a form of the power generating apparatus in which gasis used for fuel. Referring to this figure and to the sectional views inFigs. 17 and 18, 120 indicates a source of gas supply from which gas isdrawn through pipe 121 by a blower 122, the gas being forced by theblower through pipe 123 to nozzles 124. The rotary member of the blower122 is mounted on the engine shaft as clearly shown in Figs. 16 and 18.A suitable amount of air is combined with the gas, the air beingsupplied through pipe 125 which is controlled by a valve 126.

In the apparatus shown in Fig. 16, a

single coil 127 is shown in the exhaust passage above the engine, thesaid coil being supplied with water in the manner in which coil. 0,heretofore referred to, is supplied. The hot water from coil 127 isconveyed through the pipe 128 to the nozzle 42.

The flow of gas in pipe 121 may be governed by a valve connected withthe'rod 95, Figs. 5. and 16, the connections being arranged so that thevalve will close more or less as the pressure increases or diminishes inthe boiler 74. I

Except as above noted, the apparatus illustrated in Figs. 16, 17 and 18,is substantially the same as that shown in Figs. 1 to 15 inclusive andoperates in the same manner and hence the same reference figures havebeen usedto designate parts common to the above forms of the apparatus.

Having described my invention what I claim and desire to secure byLetters-Patent is, I

1. The method of generating motive power which consists in continuouslyintroducing a mixture of hydrocarbon fuel and steam into a combustionchamber, continuously introducing air and mixing it with the hydrocarbonand steam, continuously igniting the mixture, continuously introducing ajet of water into the ignited mixture, continuously introducing acooling gas into the mixture so formed, and utilizing the energy of theresultant gas so formed in a transformer of energy.

2. The method of generating motive power which consists in continuouslyintroducing a mixture of hydrocarbon fuel and steam into a combustionchamber, continuously introducing heated air and mixing it with thehydrocarbon and steam, continuously igniting the mixture, continuouslyintroducing a jet of water into the ignited mixture, continuouslyintroducing steam into the mixture so formed, and utilizing the energyof the resultant gas so formed in a transformer of energy.

3. The method of generating motive power which consists in continuouslyintroducing a mixture of hydrocarbon fuel and steam into a combustionchamber, continuously igniting the mixture, continuously introducing ajet of water under high pressure into and in the direction of flow ofthe ignited mixture to vaporize the same, continuously introducinganother gas to the mixture of gases so formed, and utilizing the kineticenergy of the resultant gas in a transformer ofenergy.

4. In an apparatus for generating motive power, the combination of anengine, a

steam generating device inthe exhaust pasinjecting hydrocarbon fuel, airand, water ton, and a water supplv to the into said chamber, means forconducting the steam and. gases from said chamber to said engine, anexhaustpassage from the engine, a condenser arranged to receive steamand gases from said exhaustpassage, means for exhausting thenon-condensable gases from the condenser, and means in saidexhaust'passage for pre-heating the water delivered to said combustionchamber.

6. In an apparatus for generating motive power, the combination with arotary engine, of a combustion chamber, means for injecting hydrocarbonfuel, air and water into said chamber, means for'conducting the steamand gases from said. chamber to said engine, an exhaust passage from theengine, a condenser arranged to receive .the steam and gases from saidexhaust passage, means for exhausting the DOIY-CO-lldGllStlblG gasesfrom the condenser, means in said exhaust passage for producing steam,and means for delivering said steam to the fuel injectors.

7 The combination with a turbine engine and means for producing acontinuous supply of gas and steam therefor, of a governing devicecomprising awater pump operated by the turbine, a piston subject to thepressure of water delivered by-said water pump, a valve connected withsaid pissteam generator controlled by said valve.

8. 111.2111 apparatus for generating motive power, a vvcombustionchamber having a surrounding air space for pre-heating the air,

' n'eans for injecting preheatedair from said air space and hydrocarbonfuel into the combustion chamber. an expanding nozzle in the combustionchamber means for injecting a jet of Water intov said nozzle, means forcontinuously igniting the mixturerin said combustion'chamber, a turbineengine,

and means for conveying the steam and gases from said combustion chamberto said engine. Y 1

9. In an apparatus for generating motive power, the combination with thecombustion chambervandv means for injecting air and hydrocarbon fuelthereini of a turbine engine, anexpanding tube within thecombustionchamben,havin a series-oferforatiOns sai-d tubeleading to theengine, and means for discharging'water into said combustion chambercomprising a .nozzle discharging into said tube.

' 10. In an apparatus for generating motive power, the combination witha combustion chamber, and means for injecting air and hydrocarbon fueltherein, of means for supplying water to said chamber comprising a valvehaving a permanent passage therethrough, whereby a limited amount ofwater is supplied to the combustion chamber when the valve is closed.

11. In an apparatus for generating motive power, the combination withthe combustion chamber and the engine communicating therewith, of thecoils arranged in the exhaust passage of the engine, a connectionbetween one of said coils and the combustion chamber through which steamis supplied, a

connection between the other coil and the chamber and the enginecommunicating therewith, of the coils arranged in the exhaust passage ofthe engine, a connection between one of said coils and the combustionchamber through which steam is supplied, a connection between the othercoil and the combustion chamber through which 'ater is supplied, andautomatic means governed jointly by the speed of the engine and thetemperature of the exhaust for regulating the amounts of steam and airdelivered to the combustion chamber.

13. In an apparatus for generating motive power, the combination withthe combustion chamber and the engine communicating therewith, of thecoils arranged in the exhaust passage of the engine, means for supplyingwater to one of said coils, means for supplying water from the firstnamed coil to a second coil in regulated quantities, and a steam pipeleading from said second coil to 'the combustion chamber.

14. In an apparatus for generating motive power, the combination withthe combustion chamber and the engine communicating therewith, of twocoils arranged in the exhaust passage of the engine, one of said coilsbeing used to preheat water and the other coil to generate steam,automatic means for feeding water in regulated quantities from theheating coil to the steam generating coil,

and means for conducting steam from the latter coil to the combustionchamber.

15. In an apparatus for generating motive power, the combination withthe combustion chamber and the engine communicating therewith, of twocoils arranged in the ex haust passage of the engine, one of said coilsbeing used to preheat water and the other coil to generate steam,automatic means controlled by the heat of the exhaust for feeding waterin regulated quantities from the heating coil to the steam generatingcoil, and means for conducting steam from the latter coil to thecombustion chamber.

16. In an apparatus for generating m0- tive power, the combination withan engine, of a chamber, a vaporizing and expansion nozzle extending inand along the chamber and leading to the engine, means for discharging ajet of water within the nozzle, and means for maintaining a hot gaswithin the chamber.

17. In an apparatus for generating motive power, the combination with anengine, of a chamber, a vaporizing and expansion nozzle extending in andalong the chamber and leading to the engine, means for discharging a jetof water within and longitudinally of the nozzle, and means formaintaining a hot gas within the chamber. j.

18. In an apparatus for generating motlve power, the combination with anengine, of a chamber, a vaporizing and expansion nozzle, provided with aseries of perforations, extending in and along the chamber and leadingto the engine, means for discharging a jet of water within andlongitudinally of the expansion nozzle, and means for maintaining a hotgas within the chamber,

19. In an apparatus for generatlng motive power, the combination with anenglne, of a combustion chamber, means for injecting an explosivemixture therein, means for igniting the mixture, an expansion nozzleextending in and along the combustion chamber and leading to the engine,and means for discharging a jet of water within and longitudinally ofthe expansion nozzle.

20. In an apparatus 'for generating motive power, the combination withan engine, of a combustion chamber, means for injecting an explosivemixture therein, means for igniting the mixture, an expansion nozzle,provided with a series of perforations, extending in and along thecombustion chamber and leading to the engine,and means for discharging ajet of water within and longitudinall of the expansion nozzle.

21. The combination with a chamber, of means for maintaining a'hot gaswithin the chamber, a vaporizing and expansion nozzle extending in andalong the chamber, and means for discharging a. jet of water within andlongitudinally of said nozzle.

22. The combination with a chamber, of a combined vaporizing andexpansion nozzle extending in and along the chamber, said nozzlecomprising an expanded tube. a second expanded tube discharging into thefirst tube, and means for discharging a jet of water into the secondtube.

23. The combination with a chamber, of a combined vaporizing and.expansion nozzle extending in and along the chamber. said nozzlecomprising an expanded tube provided with perforations, a secondexpanded direction of their axis.

25. The combination with a combustion chamber having an ofiset portion,ofmeans for injecting a combustible mixture in the combustion chamber,means for igniting the mixture, a perforated vaporizing and expansionnozzle extending in. and along the com bastion chamber and 'the olfsetportion, means for injecting a jet of water within the nozzle, and meansfor discharging steam into the offset portion.

The combination with an engine, of a combustion chamber having an offsetportion, means for injecting a combustiblemixture into the combustionchamber, means for igniting the mixture, a perforated vapormug andexpansion nozzle extending in and along the combustion chamber and theoffset portion and leading to the engine, means for injecting a jet ofwater within and longitudinally of the'nozzle, and means for'dischargingthe exhaust from saidengine into the offset portion.

27. The combination with a combustion chamber, of means for inject-ing acombustible mixture into the combustion chamber, means for igniting themixture, a perforated vaporizing and expansion nozzle extending in andalong the combustion chamber, means for injecting a jet of water withinand longitudinally of the nozzle, an air chamher, a second expansionnozzle, provided with perforations, passing through the air chamber andleading to the combustion chamber, and means for discharging steamchamber of circular cross section, of an air I inlet, a nozzleconstructed to discharge a combustible mixture through the air inlet andtangentially in the chamber so as to set the combustible mixture and airin rotation therein.

to set the mixture and 30. The combination with a combustion chamber ofcircular cross section having an air inlet, of a nozzle constructed todischarge a combustible mixture tangentially into the chamber so as toset the mixture in rotation therein, and for supplying air underpressure to the air inlet so as to discharge the air tangentially intothe combustion chamber.

31. The combination with a combustion chamber of circular cross section,of an air j acket surrounding the chamber, an air inlet between thejacket and chamber, and a nozzle constructed to discharge a combustiblemixture tangentially into the chamber so as air in rotation therein.

32. The combination with a combustion chamber of circular cross section,of an expanding nozzle provided with perforations and extending axiallyof the combustion chamber. a nozzle constructed to discharge acombustible mixture tangentially in the chamber so as to set the mixturein rotation therein about the expanding nozzle, means for igniting themixture, and means for discharging steam into the nozzle.

33. In an apparatus of the class described. in col'nbination acombustion chamber. a vaporizing and expansion nozzle extending in andalong the combustion chamber. means for continuously injecting acombustible mixture into the chamber, means for continuously ignitingthe mixture, and means for continuously introducing a jet of waterwithin and longitudinally of the nozzle.

34. In an apparatus of the class described, in combination a combustionchamber, a vaporizing and expansion nozzle provided with apertures andpassing through the com-' bnstion chamber, means for continually injecting a combustible mixture into the chamber, means for continuallyigniting the mixture, and means for continually introducing a jet ofwater into the nozzle.

35. In an apparatus of the class described, in combination a combustionchamber having an offset portion, a vaporizing and expansion nozzleprovided with apertures and passing through the combustion chamber andthe offset portion, means for continually injecting a combustiblemixture into the combustion chamber, means for continually igniting themixture, means for continually introducing a jet of water into thenozzle, and means for continually introducing steam into the offsetport-ion.

36. The combination with a combustion chamber, of means for injectinghydrocarbon fuel into said combustion chamber, an air chamber, anexpansion nozzle provided with perforations, passing through said airchamber and leading to the combustion chamber, and means for dischargingsteam into the expansion nozzle.

37. In an appa 'atns for gene 'ating motive power, the combination withan engine, of a chamber. a vaporizing and expansion nozzle extending inand along the. chamber and leading to the engine. means for discharginga jet of water wiihin the nozzle, means for maintaining a hot gas withinthe chamber, and means for discharging the exhaust from said engine intothe chamber.

38. I11 an apparatus for generating motive power, the combination withan engine, of a chamber, an expansion nozzle extending in and along saidchamber and leading to the engine, means for discharging motive fluidwithin said nozzle, means for discharging the exhaustfrom the engineinto said nozzle, and means for maintaining a 'hot. gas within thechamber.

In an apparatus for generating motive power, the combination with anengine, of a combustion chamber, means for supplying a combustiblemixture to said chamber, means for igniting said mixture. an expansionnozzle extending in and along said chamhe' and leading to the engine,means for supplying motive lluid to said nozzle, and means fordischarging the exhaust from the engine into said nozzle.

40. In an apparatus for generating motive power, the combination with anengine, of a chamber. a perforated expansion nozzle extending in andalong said chamber and leading to the engine. nnans for supplying motivefluid to said nozzle, means for discharging the exhaust from said engineinto said chamber, and means for maintaining a hot gas within saidchamber.

etl. In an apparatus for generating motive power. the combination withan engine, of a chamber. a perforated expansion nozzle extending in andalong said chamber and leading to the engine, means for supplying motivefluid to said nozzle. and means for maintaining a hot gas in saidchamber.

42. In an apparatus for generating motive power, the combination with anengine, of a combustion chamber, means for supplying a combustiblemixture to said chamber, means for igniting said mixture, an expansionnozzle extending in and along said chamber and leading to the engine,and means for supplying motive fluid to said nozzle.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

OSCAR I. OSTERGREU. Witnesses G. H. STALKER, Alrrnun E. SU'rrI-nN.

